Types of stone - Knowledge

Natural stone refers to the general term for materials that are mined from natural rock masses and processed into block or slab shapes. The two most basic types of stone used in the building decoration industry are natural stone and artificial stone. Natural stones such as marble, granite, limestone, etc. The two main types of natural stones used for building decoration are granite and marble. Natural stone is one of the oldest civil engineering materials. Natural stone has high compressive strength, good wear resistance and durability. After processing, the surface is beautiful and rich in decoration. It has the advantages of wide distribution of resources, abundant reserves, convenient local sourcing, and low production cost. It is the main material for building city walls, bridges, houses, roads and water conservancy projects in civil engineering in ancient and modern times. It is one of the main decorative materials in modern civil engineering.

Natural stones can be roughly divided into three categories. Igneous rock is formed by the cooling and solidification of molten or partially molten substances such as magma from rocks in the mantle or crust. Granite is a kind of igneous rock; sedimentary rock is formed at a not very deep place on the earth's surface by the transportation, deposition and diagenesis of weathering products of other rocks and some volcanic eruptions through water flow or glaciers. Sandstone belongs to this category; metamorphic rock is another kind of rock naturally metamorphosed from one kind of rock under the action of high temperature, high pressure and the mixing of minerals. Marble, slate, quartzite and jade all belong to metamorphic rock.

Granite is a very hard igneous rock with a high density, resistance to scratches and corrosion. It is very suitable for use on floors and kitchen countertops. There are hundreds of varieties of granite.

Marble refers to sedimentary or metamorphic carbonate rocks, including marble, dolomite, limestone, sandstone, shale and slate, etc. It is a derivative of limestone. Marble is a metamorphic rock that can be polished. Marble is soft and easily scratched or corroded by acidic substances. There are countless varieties of marble all over the world. The new wood-grain jade rough stone is recommended.

Limestone is a kind of sedimentary rock. It is composed of calcite and sediments and forms various colors.

Sandstone is also a kind of sedimentary rock. It is mainly composed of loose quartz sand particles and has a rough texture. There are also many varieties of sandstone to choose from.

Slate is a metamorphic rock. The original rock is argillaceous, silty or neutral tuff. It can be peeled into thin slices along the bedding direction. The color of slate changes with the impurities it contains. Those containing iron are red or yellow; those containing carbon are black or gray; those containing calcium will bubble when encountering hydrochloric acid. Therefore, it is generally classified by its color, such as green slate, black slate, calcareous slate, etc. Artificial stone is made of non-natural mixtures, such as resin, cement, glass beads, aluminum powder, etc. plus gravel binder. Artificial stone (also known as "artificial marble"). Artificial stone was introduced in the United States 30 years ago. In China, some coastal developed cities first used artificial stone products as decorative materials in the mid-1990s. After a few years, it became widely popular.

Cultural stone is mined from natural stone quarries. Among them, slate, sandstone, and quartzite are processed to become a decorative building material. Cultural stone has hard texture, bright color, rich texture and different styles. It has the characteristics of compression resistance, wear resistance, fire resistance, cold resistance, corrosion resistance and low water absorption.

The so-called marble refers to sedimentary or metamorphic carbonate rocks, including marble, dolomite, limestone, sandstone, shale and slate. For example, the famous white marble in China is dolomite produced in Fangshan, Beijing. Yunnan marble is marble produced in Dali County. The famous Dandong green is serpentine-siliconized skarn. Similarly, various magmatic rocks mined as stone materials, such as andesite, diabase, gabbro, gneiss, etc., are called granite. For example, the white granite in Baihuyuan, Beijing is granite, Jinan green is gabbro, and the black granite in Qingdao is diabase.

Artificial stone is an artificially synthesized decorative material. According to different binders used, it can be divided into two types: organic artificial stone and inorganic artificial stone. According to the different production processes, it can be divided into four types: polyester artificial marble, composite artificial marble, silicate artificial marble and sintered artificial marble.

Domestic granite:

Imported granite:

Domestic marble:

Imported marble: